LATEX can print both opening and closing quote characters, and can manage either of these either single or double. To do this it uses the two quote characters from your keyboard: ` and '. You will probably think of ' as the ordinary single quote character which probably looks like or on your keyboard, and ` as a ``funny'' character that probably appears as . You type these characters once for single quote (see line 21), and twice for double quotes (see line 20). The double quote character " itself is almost never used.
LATEX can produce three different kinds of dashes.
A long dash, for use as a punctuation symbol, as is typed as three dash
characters in a row, like this `---
' (see line 23). A shorter dash,
used between numbers as in `10–20', is typed as two dash
characters in a row, while a single dash character is used as a hyphen.
>From time to time you will need to include one or more of the LATEX
special symbols in your text. Seven of them can be printed by
making them into commands by proceeding them by backslash
(see line 36). The remaining three symbols can be produced by more
advanced commands, as can symbols that do not appear on your keyboard
such as ,
, §, £, ©,
and ♣.
It is sometimes useful to include comments in a LATEX file, to remind
you of what you have done or why you did it. Everything to the
right of a %
sign is ignored by LATEX, and so it can
be used to introduce a comment.